Standard 1: Explain and use the coordinate grid system of latitude and longitude to determine the
absolute locations of places in California and on Earth.
Standard 2: Distinguish between the North and South Poles; the equator and the prime meridian;
the tropics; and the hemispheres, using coordinates to plot locations.
Standard 3: Identify the state capital and describe the various regions of California, including how
their characteristics and physical environments (e.g., water, landforms, vegetation,
climate) affect human activity.
Standard 4: Identify the locations of the Pacific Ocean, rivers, valleys, and mountain passes and
explain their effects on the growth of towns.
Standard 5: Use maps, charts, and pictures to describe how communities in California vary in land
use, vegetation, wildlife, climate, population density, architecture, services, and transportation.