Indicator: Indicator 2: Teachers know and understand influences on dialect.
Indicator: Indicator 3: Teachers know and understand a diverse range of historical and contemporary literatures, including various genres of American, British, and World, as well as literatures written by women and authors of colors and works written for children and young adults.
Indicator: Indicator 4: Teachers understand the elementary school child’s social, cultural, linguistic, cognitive, and affective backgrounds as they relate to the ability to develop effective communication processes (listening, speaking, reading, and writing).
Indicator: Indicator 5: Teachers know and understand that reading is taught as a process of constructing meaning through the interaction of the reader’s existing knowledge, the information suggested by the written language, and the context of the reading situation.
Indicator: Indicator 6: Teachers understand the importance of literacy for personal and social growth.
Indicator: Indicator 7: Teachers know and understand that the English language continually changes.
Indicator: Indicator 8: Teachers know and understand written and oral composition processes. They understand:Detail: The phonemic, morphemic, semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic systems of language and their relation to the reading and writing process.
Detail: The importance of teaching grammar and usage in context.