Goals:

• define the five functions of management
• describe the levels of management in businesses
• discuss when to use the two management styles

Key Terms:

• management
• planning
• organizing
• staffing
• implementing
• controlling
• management cycle

Management

Role and Work of Managers – Managers are responsible for the success or failure of a business. They receive recognition and awards for their successes. They are held fully accountable when goals are not met.

• Who is a Manager?
  • Management – the process of accomplishing the goals of an organization through the effective use of people and other resources
  • Entrepreneurs
  • Chief Executives
  • Supervisors
• What do Managers do?
  • Every manager has specific duties
  • Regardless of the size of the business managers must complete similar activities
  • Planning – analyzing information, setting goals and making decisions about what needs to be done
  • Organizing – identifying and arranging the work and resources needed to achieve the goals that have been set
  • Staffing – all of the activities involved in obtaining, preparing, and compensating the employees of a business
  • Implementing – the effort to direct and lead people to accomplish the planned work of the organization
  • Controlling – to what extent the business is accomplishing the goals it has set out to reach in the planning stage    
  • Large corporations have many managers
  • Duties for specific management functions are assigned to each manager
  • In partnerships, the management functions are usually divided amoung the partners
  • In a new small business, the owner is usually responsible for all of the management functions. As the business grows, other employees will be moved into management positions.
  • Managing a business or even part of a business is a very complex process. Decisions made to complete one management function affects all other functions.
• Management Levels – unless a business is very small, there will be several managers with responsibilities for leading the business. Most organizations have three levels of managers.
• Top Management – Executives are top-level management with responsibilities for the direction and success of a business
  • Set long-term plans
  • Accountable for the profitability and success
  • Titles may include
  • Chief executive officer
  • President
  • Chief Operating Officer
  • Vice President
• Mid-Management – Specialists with responsibilities for specific parts of a company’s operations
  • Titles may include
  • Information Technology Manager
  • Customer Service Manager
  • Operations manager
  • Human Resources Manager
  • Take the company’s business plan developed by executives and prepare specific plans for their part of the business
  • Must coordinate their work with other managers
  • Devote much time to organizing, staffing, and implementing functions
• Supervisors –the first level of management I a business.
  • Responsible for the work of a group of employees
  • Plan the day-to-day work of the employees they supervise
  • Make sure needed resources are available and used wisely
  • Evaluate the work of their employees
• Management by Others – employees who are not managers complete the work that is a part of one of the management functions
  • Employees plan and organize their work
  • Managers are responsible for the work of others and have authority over those employees
  • Without that authority and responsibility, the work of an employee is not considered part of management
  • Experienced employees may be asked to serve as leaders for their work group
  • Many companies form work teams giving the teams both authority and responsibility for much of their work
  • The team is responsible for meeting objectives and may even have some budget control.
  • The team will still report to a manager and can ask for the manager’s assistance when needed
• Management Style  –  the way a manager treats and involves employees.
• Managing a group of people is a very difficult job. Managers approach the task of directing a group in different ways based on their management style.
• Sometimes a management style is chosen based on the characteristics of the employees being managed
• Other times, it may be determined by the work assignment
• Tactical Management – a style in which the manager is more directive and controlling
  • May be used when a manager is facing a crisis. Do not feel they have time to let the group decide how to complete the task
  • The manager will make the major decisions and stay in close contact with employees making sure the work is done well
•  Strategic Management – a style in which managers are less directive and involve employees in decision making.
  • Employees are experienced and work well together
  • There is enough time  to bring the team together to help plan a work assignment
  • Team members will usually prefer being involved in the decision-making process
  • Manager trusts employees to work without direct supervision
• Mixed Management  - the combined use of tactical and strategic management
  • Used by effective managers
  • Each management style used where appropriate as dictated by the employees and/or the situation.

Assignment: 

Write a paper describing what managerial traits will be demonstrated when a manager is properly doing his job for each of the five business activities. Give at least one real world example of each.

– Planning
– Organizing
– Staffing
– Implementing
– Controlling