Peru Information:

Population: 27,947,000

Capital: Lima (Population: 8,100,000)

Area: 1,285,216 sq. kilometers (8x smaller than the USA) 

Language: Spanish (86%), Quechua (13%), Aymara (1%)

Religion: Roman Catholic

Currency: Nuevo Sol ($1 = 3 Sol)

GDP per Capita: $5,000

Literacy Percent: 91%

Economy: Rich in natural resources: Metals, Petroleum, Fishing; Not a very wealthy nation though.

Government: Has been between periods of democracy and dictatorship, but currently on a democratical government system.

Geography: In the west of South America. Borders Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile, as well as the Pacific Ocean along its entire west coast. Has 11 ecological regions, and is a very diverse country. Amazon Rainforest is 59%, Highlands are 30%, and the coast makes up the final 11%. 

National Landmarks: Sacsayhuaman, Choquequirao, Pisac Market, Ollantaytambo, Miraflores District, Huacachina, Iquitos (Amazon River), Nazca Lines, Plaza de Armas (Cuzco), Colca Canyon, Inca Trail, Machu Picchu.

http://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/countries/peru-facts/